Per the syllabus, your assignment next week is Bad Leadership and the Movies! The specifics of the assignment are as follows:
By NOON on Wed, April 20 post a 250 word blog entry on this site summarizing why you selected your clip and how it represents bad leadership. Be as specific as possible.
This clip from Friends, while funny and entertaining, displays bad leadership on the part of Ross's boss. Ross was very excited about his sandwich that his sister Monica made him using turkey leftovers from Thanksgiving. Ross, the employee, then brought the sandwich to work and placed it in the public fridge with a note saying that it was his. Unfortunately, his boss took and ate the sandwich without permission. Ross's boss displays bad leadership by disrespecting his subordinate's property. His boss extends his power over Ross by taking his property. This is therefore an example of a boss abusing his power. His conduct then will set up a work environment where it is okay for others to disrespect other people's belongings, even though this was based on something trivial and silly like a sandwich. Even though Ross over reacts to the situation, his feelings are warranted to a degree. Instead of his boss reacting by sending him to therapy with a job suspension, his boss should have owned up to his mistake and apologized. If his boss had apologized, then the problem would have been solved and the trust would have been re- established. In order for a boss and subordinate to have a cohesive working relationship, mutual trust is essential. Subordinates need to know that their bosses will effectively and efficiently give out work and that they will respect everyone. On the other hand, bosses need to trust that their subordinates will respect the workplace and continue working to the best of their abilities. The situation displayed in this Friends clip shows a fundamental lack of trust between Ross and his boss.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2xi7B3mkr0
- Juliana Berlin
The clip I selected was from Legally Blonde. Legally Blonde follows the journey of Elle Woods, a stereotypical Malibu sorority girl who follows her college boyfriend to Harvard Law. As the movie progresses, her motivation moves away from rekindling her lost love and is focused on her becoming a lawyer. She becomes successful in her classes and scores an internship with a well-known professor. While at first Professor Callahan is seen positively for giving Elle a chance to work at his firm, his true intentions are soon revealed. He hits on Elle, as seen in the clip below, and uses his position of power to attempt to sleep with her. It becomes clear that the reason she was granted the internship was based less on her credentials and more on the way she looked. Callahan displays bad leadership because he allowed his personal desires to get in the way of his role as both a lawyer and a teacher. Callahan treated Elle in a certain way and judged her based on how she looked, which is an unfair and immoral way to treat a student or employee. It sets a bad example for others that look up to Callahan, and gave Elle, a talented aspiring lawyer, a negative perspective on her future field of work, and will make her less likely to trust and admire future employers. Additionally, someone saw Callahan make moves on her, leading the other interns to believe that Elle got her position by seducing the professor. Callahan’s actions not only gave himself a bad name, but also almost damaged Elle’s reputation.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZH4D-TRxn4A
- Hannah Cohen
The clip I have chosen is from Jerry Maguire. Main character Jerry, a sports agent, is fired from his job after he writes a long mission statement detailing his vision for the sports industry. The primary thing Jerry mentions is that he wants the company to focus less on money and more on individual clients. However, although Jerry was a brave whistleblower and put himself on the line by circulating his mission statement, he did not get the desired result. Jerry's boss, who also was his mentor, ended up firing him. It was very courageous of Jerry to put them memo out there, and ultimately he was able to develop his own successful sports agency after leaving the company. However, Jerry initially ends up with a very limited clientele and staff, unable to really strike it big on his own. Jerry eventually does do well for himself, but he shows that it is hard to be a courageous follower and to go against the company you work for. His boss Bob Sugar is also unwilling to take feedback from Jerry, choosing to fire his longtime employee rather than taking his suggestions into account. Jerry clearly has a vision for the company, and even though that might not be in line with the vision held by the company's owner, Jerry is a smart man and should be a valued employee, particularly since he has worked his way up the ladder in such a short amount of time, so Bob should give him a chance.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TohbD69ugSA
-Ella Chochrek
The clip that I selected is from The Proposal, in which the boss, Margaret, is played by Sandra Bullock. After being told that she is being deported from the U.S., Margaret forces her assistant Andrew to marry her in order to stay and save her position. This clip demonstrates her selfishness, lack of empathy for others, and assumed justification for her inappropriate behaviors. Though fake marriage is illegal, she grants herself justification by saying that she should not be deported because of her position as a book publisher and Canadian citizenship (“I am not even an immigrant; I am Canadian”), downplaying the fact that she has not properly filled out some of her paper works in the first place. Such self-justification in overriding rules is also revealed later in the movie through her cutting the lines at the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Office. Also, she lacks basic empathy for her employees. She uses Andrew as a mean to achieve her own goals and assumes that Andrew will not object because it is mutually beneficial. She does not ask a single question about whether Andrew consents to her decision or if he has his own life situation that may lead him to reject her proposal. Instead, because of Andrew’s inferior position to Margaret, she dehumanizes him as someone whose welfare is not worth considering compared to her own. Even though she tells Andrew that marrying her is the only way that can save his job as well, she says so in order to threaten Andrew out of her own interest, not out of genuine concern for her employee. This lack of identification with her employee, as we can see in the preceding scene in which Bob, one of her colleagues that has just been fired, accuses her of “not having personal live outside this office so she can treat everyone in the office like personal slaves,” results in her employees’ lack of identification with her. Such lack of mutual identification may be the leading factor that devotes to the poisonous environment in an office where everyone only cares about his or her own interest and disregards the interests of others.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-ib-_W1weM (13:30-14:40)
~ Xinyue Zhang
The clip that I have chosen to write about is from one of the best movies of all time, Top Gun. In the clip that I chose, Maverick (Tom Cruise) is requesting to land and when he is told that the pattern is full, overrides the authority of the command tower and his "rio" and buzzes the tower, i.e. flies extremely close to it, startling his commanders. While this does not harm anyone other than the guy who spilled his coffee on himself, the blatant disregard for authority shows how Maverick's maturity is not up to the desired standard for a top gun pilot. For Maverick, this will eventually come to haunt him as other pilots challenge his standings in the program and it comes down to his inner drive and desire to prove himself and shed his immaturity that he becomes the best pilot of his class. Thus, while Maverick's actions are not detrimental to his future, they certainly do not provide support for him being a good leader at this point of the movie.
ReplyDelete-Zach Byer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdHBsWXaHN8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PjZAeiU7uM
ReplyDeleteMiranda, who plays a character representing the infamous Anna Wintour is feared by all. She is the classic bully character. She begs the question what is the difference between fear and respect? It seems that they have a similar outcome: both make things get done. In the office everyone scurries to complete Miranda’s every wish, which seems similar to what they would do if they respected her. I think this represents a good discussion to be had. It seems that the long-term effects would be dangerous, but if we look at Vogue, it seems to be a very successful. Are there negative effects of this type of bad leadership or can it actually weirdly be good leadership? This seems to be a gray area that we have yet to discuss in class and I am very interested in knowing more about this characteristic. It seems that Miranda has the company’s best interest at heart, in terms of its success, but the way in which she goes about these interests appears to be immoral. So then, is immoral leadership always mean bad leadership? Further, how important is a safe work environment to the success of a company? Though this passage has become mostly a line of questioning that I don’t have the answers to, I believe that this clip would be helpful in reaching some conclusions and covering the idea of immoral “good” leadership. Also, it is helpful in further working on our definition of “good leadership”- whether that means financial success or the well being of the employees as a whole.
- Sarah Podolsky
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJTRZI2HThU
ReplyDeleteThis clip is from The Sound of Music, when Maria is first introduced to the Von Trapp children. I chose this clip because Captain Von Trapp -- though a charismatic, strong, confident, and uber-masculine guy, all qualities that our class has discussed as being culturally accepted traits of "good" leadership -- fails to treat his children with dignity. This scene in particular shows him ordering his children to arrange themselves in military, single-file fashion; he expects perfect obedience, using a whistle to command their attention. The children look unhappy and even a bit afraid of their father, but they have been conditioned to believe that this is what leadership looks like (indeed, it won't be until later in the movie that Maria's leadership style -- a gentler and more nurturing method than the Captain's -- changes the children and makes them more willing to trust, to be honest, and to express themselves as individuals). The language that the Captain uses as he addresses both his children and Maria is indicative of his poor leadership as well: "You, Frauline, will listen carefully, learn their [whistle] signals so that you can call [the children] when you want them," he tells Maria. He makes no effort to assess Maria's comfort with this whistling technique, showing that he couldn't care less about the opinions others may have regarding his decisions When Maria objects to using the whistle, the Captain chides her for talking back to him. Clearly, he is fixed in his ways and will not tolerate criticism, which is certainly a red flag when we remember the importance of a leader who listens to his followers and respects others' voices. Lastly, it is key to note that when Maria spitefully blows the whistle at the Captain to ask how she should summon him, the Captain is hypocritical in his response: "They call me Captain," he says, implying that he is above answering to anyone, period. Thus, he shows himself to be a bad leader in that he puts himself on a pedestal and expects to be treated differently than others.
- Jeanette Freiberg
I chose this clip from It's a Wonderful Life because I feel that it represents bad leadership. Pharmacist Gower, the leader in this situation, is in an impaired state. He is extremely sad about the death of his son, and he is under the influence of alcohol. However, he still chose to make decisions in this state, and in filling a prescription, he made a mistake. George Bailey, the follower in this situation, caught the mistake and tried to report it to his boss. Instead of listening to his follower, the pharmacist began physically hurting him. George Bailey, being a good follower, insisted that the pharmacist check his work. When the pharmacist did check his work, and realize his mistake which could’ve killed his client, he was extremely grateful. He begins hugging George Bailey instead of hurting him. The worst leadership from this clip can be seen in the fact that the pharmacist was still working when he wasn’t in the correct shape to. A good leader knows when to step back and take a break. Also, a good leader treats their followers better than the pharmacist initially does in this scene. While it was probably the alcohol talking, a leader should always listen to what their followers have to say, and of course never physically assault them in any way.
ReplyDelete-Zimi Sloyer
https://youtu.be/sOtRSlxMgac
I chose this scene from The Social Network because it displays instances of bad leadership by multiple characters. In it, Eduardo Saverin, Mark Zuckerberg’s best friend and cofounder of Facebook, has just been informed that his share in Facebook has been diluted from 30% to 0.3%. He storms out of the office room toward Mark, feeling betrayed and angry and cheated. Mark begins by making excuses, and attempts to turn the blame from himself back onto Eduardo. Here, Mark is a bad leader because he does not take responsibility for his actions. It is especially hurtful because Mark is (was) his best friend, and had invested time and money into the company. Mark essentially set Eduardo up to fall into this trap. Mark’s sketchy, slimy new friend is Sean Parker, and he is the one who convinced Mark to kick Eduardo off of Facebook. Sean, only looking out for himself, uses Mark - a susceptible young nerd - to further his own greed. He breaks up two good friends and cheats one out of his fair share of the company. As Eduardo leaves the room angrily, Sean taunts him further by giving him a check made out on a frozen account. The taunt is unnecessary, a petty move by Sean to assert power. A good leader should not stoop to such personal attacks, but rather should hold himself to a higher standard.
ReplyDeleteThe scene leaves the viewer with a dark question: did Mark’s jealousy over Eduardo’s prestigious final club acceptance interfere with his decision to dilute Eduardo’s shares? If so, this would make Mark an even worse leader than he already appears to be. He let personal jealousy blind his decision making, and as a leader, he should never have done that.
-Haley Berg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mOMUe26X3mo
So I definitely had a lot of fun with this assignment, and I’m going to try and justify this as best I can. In this scene from the classic Kicking and Screaming, Phil Weston (played by Will Ferrell) drives his assistant coach out of his recreational soccer team due to his constant moaning and whining along with his treatment of his players. While Weston does end up figuring out how to coach properly near the end of the movie, at this point we not only see a horrible coach but a horrible person put in charge of kids who have little experience with soccer, including Weston’s own son, and only want to have fun. I feel this scene definitely exemplifies our most recent discussions about bad leadership because Phil does not demonstrate his genuine self as the head coach of his son’s team. He becomes someone who he’s not, someone who is only obsessed with winning, and someone whose decisions reflect his clouded and confused persona. For example, in this very scene, we see the two brothers Gianpiero and Massimo score all of Weston’s team’s goals, while all of the other members of the team are yelled at profusely by Weston. This pretty much reflects all of Weston’s decision as coach of his team: cherry-picking certain players to play, bringing in the wrong attitude to a recreational soccer game, and making decisions that deviate from his personality and his real self. Luckily for Weston, his players are good followers who stick by him because they know who he really is and help him get back to his genuine self.
ReplyDelete-Achint Rai
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpxPstb2DAU
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ReplyDeleteI picked this clip from the Wolf of Wall Street because Jordan Belfort exemplifies bad leadership. This was the first thing that popped into my head because I know he says some unreasonable things throughout the movie, and especially in this scene. At this point in the movie, Belfort is in trouble with the law, and the only way for him to not face charges, prison time, fines, and the loss of his company is if he leaves his company willingly. In this scene, he charismatically declares that he will be staying at his company and will not leave willingly or easily. By staying, Belfort is not only making a conscious decision to continue breaking the law by running his business in the same manner as he has previously, but he is also encouraging his employees to continue their jobs in the same unlawful ways. With the singing/chanting thing they all do, Belfort turns his company into a bit of a cult, where they are all believing the same things except for his dad, who tries to gain control at the end but is cut off by Belfort’s right hand man. This is a great, though exaggerated, example of how hard it can be to convince a bad leader to stop making such terrible decisions and to do what is best not only for the company but for themselves. It can feel as though you are the only person in the entire “cult” who sees the truth, and you have no way to express it, leaving you hopeless and confused.
ReplyDelete- Hank Michalski
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ddtfoiaWGqs
This clip from The Dark Knight Rises is the perfect example of bad leadership. Speaking to the context of the scene, Bane, the film’s villain, takes over Gotham by force and encourages his followers to loot the city and do as they please, regardless of the others who may be negatively impacted by his mission. He seeks to create division between the pillars of order and justice, the police, and the disenfranchised citizens of Gotham who feel they’ve been wronged by the leadership. A good leader is one who unites his or her followers based on a common mission. In this case, Bane is trying to divide the citizens of Gotham based on isolating factors such as wealth and rather than create a unity to achieve a common goal, he is only appealing to a small but violent group that will ultimately not be the best for Gotham’s safety and well-being. Also, in the scene, rather than focus on any mistakes he has made, Bane is quick to point out the faults of others by calling out Commissioner Gordon and his past shortcomings. Finally, Bane doesn’t encourage his followers through his own example of good leadership. Bane is an immoral leader who will go as far as to kill indiscriminately in order to accomplish his goals. This type of Machiavellian, end justifying the means method is not appropriate for good leadership. This type of thinking is what led to the Enron case where an end goal of looking better to shareholders ultimately led to questionable methods that ended up leading to the downfall of Enron. A good leader is one who leads by example through his or her actions that consider the well-being of others and to accomplish a moral goal through moral means, not just one goal by any means necessary. With the character of Bane in The Dark Knight Rises, we see this idea manifested as the antagonist of the film.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzK97Aaj_U8
I picked The Big Short as my film because the high-ranking bankers and investors (leaders) refused to believe their subordinates even when they were presented with clear and rational explanations as to why the housing market was going to crash. There was a degree of groupthink among the leaders ("too big to fail" attitude), which led them to make bad decisions for their followers as well as the American economy. While some may have dismissed the possibility of the housing bubble immediately, others may have been scared of the implications such a bubble would have for the economy. It also simply could have been corporate greed. Whatever the reason was, leaders did not take the time to investigate the suspicious transactions that were being made by banks, even when the "whistle was blown."
ReplyDeleteIn this clip, one of the investors who recognized the housing bubble, Dr. Michael Burry, was approached by his bosses who felt the need to pay him a personal visit because of the claims he was making about the economy. To them, the housing bubble claims were so ridiculous, they were not worth looking over. Their refusal to look over these claims is an example of bad leadership because I feel like the bosses should have a responsibility to the American economy (or at least their companies) and by not doing so, they were shirking their job/responsibilities. They also have a responsibility to their followers in terms of treating them respectfully and taking them seriously. Instead, the bosses began insulting Dr. Burry's intelligence/capabilities on top of dismissing his claims. A good leader is one who takes the opinion of their followers seriously, no matter how ridiculous it may sound.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1PH9klX38k
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ebaDET0k9Y
ReplyDeleteIn the cartoon Spongebob Squarepants, Mr. Krabs, owner of the Krusty Krab, has some serious issues with money. This clip begins with a broadcast by the local news station about a new bank opening up in Bikini Bottom. Mr. Krabs immediately jumps on board after hearing about instant interest by just making a deposit. His quick action shows lack of self-control when making decisions, especially those involving money. Mr. Krabs leaves Spongebob in charge of his restaurant. He doesn’t give Spongebob any instructions and shows carelessness as he scurries off to the bank in search of free money. Mr. Krabs’ greed takes over his actions. His mind totally focuses on the pursuit of free money rather than rational thinking like taking care of the restaurant or being fiscally responsible. His obsession bites him, though, as he is escorted from the bank multiple times because of his crazed actions. Mr. Krabs especially shows bad leadership and greediness when making his deposit under disguise. He opens up a safety deposit box, but he cannot come to terms with leaving his single penny alone to get his interest. Mr. Krabs symbolizes greed, a bad quality when it comes to leading others. His greed dominates his perspective on business and life in general. Anytime money is mentioned, he drops everything and pursues it. Once Mr. Krabs lands in the pile of cash at the end of the clip, this solidifies his true greediness. It is his wildest dream to be surrounded by money. This means any of his goals in life are probably money-oriented in some way. This is a dangerous way of living, especially as a manager of a restaurant or a member of a business. Throughout the rest of the episode, Mr. Krabs does not acquire any more money other than another single penny. Crazed by greed, Mr. Krabs does not get his free instant interest and starts back at square one (with just an extra penny).
I chose a scene that is funny but also displays bad leadership that is often scene but not pegged as being a bad leader. I believe that there is a time and place for everything and there is always space and time to show respect for the people around you. In Tyler Perry’s “Madea’s Family Reunion,” while she was in court, she expressed disrespect towards the judge, her lawyer who is also her nephew, and her soon to be foster child. Because it is funny and she genuinely does not want to take on this foster child, it can be looked over that she is actually showing bad leadership to the teenage girl who has never had somebody care for her and that’s why she needs a foster home. I think that the court room at the moment was not the best place for her to express a disdain for the child. Madea also has this childish playfulness in a very serious position when possibly going to jail. I think that her lack of awareness of timeliness and understanding of what should and should not be said in certain situations. I think a trait of a good leader is the ability to recognize their position and the position of the followers. The young girl and the judge are looking at her for gestures, or comments, that could make her seem more real or soft so she wouldn’t be so criminalized, however, she does not recognize her position.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSpn_Ayh5YI&list=PL-eg4gNcHkzj2aoQ4i0DQFfcs6pg2eYGp&index=1
I selected a clip from The Devil Wears Prada. At the beginning of this scene, editor-in-chief Miranda Priestly questions the ineptitude and unpreparedness of her junior workers aloud. In a condescending and dismissive way, Miranda does all of the talking -- speaking about the clothes as though she is the sole expert on fashion and not asking for any input from her employees. Miranda creates a working environment that suppresses dissent, because when Andy, the new employee, conveys her reason for chuckling at the similarly colored belts, in a stern voice Miranda rails on Andy, insulting her choice of sweater, suggesting that she “doesn’t care” about her job, and ripping apart her supposed lack of awareness about the fashion industry. Miranda exemplifies bad leadership because, as an unencouraging boss and poor role model, she tears down her newest employee in front of other people. There is a clear power hierarchy, and, out of fear, the employees immediately below Miranda silently support her during her criticism of Andy. While Miranda does effectively convey her point and explains to Andy why the fashion industry is important and not “funny” or simply “stuff,” Miranda goes about teaching Andy about the magnitude of the magazine company’s role in a negative, authoritarian, and domineering way. Miranda acts smugly with her own interests in mind, making Andy feel small, insignificant, and unworthy in order to elevate herself. Rather than motivating her followers to have confidence in the company and in her as a leader, and to challenge her when necessary, as a good leader should, Miranda secures her following not through mutual trust and support but rather through degrading them and instilling fear. Ultimately, a workplace should involve a team effort rather than an “us against you” or “everyone for themselves” mentality.
ReplyDelete--Bonnie Simonoff
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awmyDjY-8e8
In Christopher Nolan’s Inception, we are introduced to Dominick ‘Dom’ Cobb, played by Leonardo Dicaprio. Dom is the leader of his team hired to enter the dreams and subconscious of Robert Fischer, heir to his father's multi-billion dollar energy conglomerate, and plant in him the idea to break up his father’s empire. Dom, however, exhibits many qualities that would render him a “bad leader” throughout the film. Dom’s most considerable issue is his failure to communicate with his team. Dom is haunted by his late wife, Mal, whose suicide was largely induced by an idea that he planted in her head, that the world she lived in was not real and death was the only escape. In turn, Mal haunts Dom and terrorizes his subconscious, which affects Doms entire group and their mission, when they enter the dream world. His failure to communicate this issue with his team represents one of Doms most serious qualities as a “bad leader”.
ReplyDeleteIn the scene immediately after this clip, Dom is teaching his dream architect how to create his dreams. When she is in the process she sees that his wife Mal is haunting his subconscious. She begs Dom to share this with his team because it would affect them and possibly endanger them however he refuses. The fact that Dom is willing to hide a secret this large shows a serious lack in his ability to communicate with others in times where it is absolutely necessary.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7yshUmxuEjE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0lByEmGkkU (1:25-3:25)
ReplyDeleteIn this clip of “The Wolf of Wall Street,” Jordan Belfort is a great example of bad leadership. Essentially, he is trying to bribe a Federal Agent to not investigate his illegal activities. Throughout the movie, Jordan exploits, lies, and cheats to benefit himself. What makes him a particularly bad leader is that he betrays the trust of the people who trust him most, who seem like they would do anything for him. In this scene, in particular, Jordan is lying to the federal government and trying to bribe the agent out of investigating him. In the end, this agent exposes Jordan and his reputation, career, and family are ruined. This shows that immoral leaders will lose everything if they are caught. While Jordan was very effective in gaining loyal followers, his deceitfulness caused him to loose his power.
This movie does a very good job at showing how many CEO’s have taken immoral actions in order to make more money. This is a huge problem because their actions can be detrimental to the people around them, such as shareholders. The culture of cutting corners and exploiting to get ahead has given Wall Street the negative reputation people think of. Jordan Belfort knew that what he was doing was wrong, but continued to do it anyway. Also, many of his followers knew that what he was doing was wrong, but were still loyal until he got caught.
For the Bad Leadership and the Movies assignment, I picked a clip from the movie The Wolf of Wall Street. The point of this movie is to explicitly show bad leadership within the business world. In the movie, Jordan Belfort starts his own brokerage firm with one of his friends. With only 20 people to start with, his company quickly grows to about 250 people, while their reputation in the business grows as well. While the company became increasingly successful within such a short amount of time, both Jordan Belfort (the boss) and his staff starting using substances to ease the pressure and tension. With the police and FBI after his company and their extravagant, drug filled parties, Jordan Belfort continues to find mischievous schemes to hide from the police. The leadership in the movie is definitely complex. To evaluate and elaborate on Jordan Belfort’s leadership skills, it seems noteworthy to look at him through different lenses. On the one hand, he was a drug addict, who took people’s money and was known for his cruel business practices and questionable decisions. But on the other hand, it only seems fair to give him some credit for starting his own business and behave in a way that only motivated his workers further to achieve their goals – his attitude towards their work only elevated his worker’s excitement and drive to push themselves to work for their goal. Although Jordan Belfort was easily able to achieve his mission, it seems obvious that the means in which he went about doing so expressed bad leadership. He manipulated his followers into being on board with his plans in a way that made them blind to even their own actions. Yet, his actions were well acknowledged as deceitful and morally, and of course legally incorrect. The movie as a whole demonstrates bad leadership, and alludes to circumstances that happen in the real world. While I don’t know the incentives of the directors, I think that the movie was created to make people aware of their actions and what business deals, and leadership they are following. It is so easy to get caught up in wrong doings when the direct outcome seems beneficial.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQleT6BtCbE
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ReplyDelete